What is a bill of lading?
A bill of lading (BOL or B/L) is the core document in a freight shipment. Issued by or on behalf of the carrier when goods are picked up, it does three jobs at once.
- A receipt: proof the carrier received the goods in the stated condition and quantity.
- A contract of carriage: the terms under which the carrier agrees to move the freight.
- A document of title: on a negotiable BOL, whoever holds it can claim the goods, which is why it underpins international trade and letters of credit.
For domestic US trucking (less-than-truckload, or LTL), shippers and carriers typically use the standardized VICS straight bill of lading, the exact layout this generator produces.
Types of bill of lading
Straight BOL
Non-negotiable; goods go to a named consignee. The standard for prepaid domestic freight.
Order BOL
Negotiable; title transfers by endorsement. Used when payment happens in transit.
Ocean BOL
Covers sea freight; can be negotiable or straight, and acts as a shipment contract across ports.
Air waybill (AWB)
The air-cargo equivalent; always non-negotiable and issued by the airline or forwarder.
Master & House BOL
A forwarder issues a House BOL to the shipper; the carrier issues a Master BOL to the forwarder.
Through BOL
Covers multiple modes or carriers under one document, for example truck then ocean.
How to fill out a bill of lading
- 01
Ship From
Shipper's legal name, full address, and SID number if you use one.
- 02
Ship To
Consignee's name and delivery address, plus any CID or location number.
- 03
Third-party Bill To
Only if a different party pays the freight charges.
- 04
BOL number & date
Your unique reference and the pickup date, used to track and reconcile the shipment.
- 05
Carrier details
Carrier name, SCAC code, trailer and seal numbers, and PRO number.
- 06
Freight charge terms
Mark Prepaid, Collect, or 3rd Party so everyone knows who is billed.
- 07
Customer order information
Purchase-order numbers, package counts, and weights per order.
- 08
Commodity description
Handling units, packaging, weight, NMFC number, and freight class for each commodity. Flag any hazardous materials.
- 09
Special instructions & COD
Liftgate, appointment, or notify requirements, and any collect-on-delivery amount.
- 10
Signatures
Shipper certifies the description; the driver signs at pickup to acknowledge receipt.


